What role does the infrared LED play in the operation of the Line Tracking Sensor?

The infrared LED in the Line Tracking Sensor is responsible for emitting light to illuminate the surface underneath the sensor. This emitted infrared light interacts with the surfaces on which the robot is operating. When the light strikes a line, such as a black tape on a white surface, it is reflected differently than if it strikes a white surface. The sensor detects the intensity of the reflected light, which allows the robot to determine whether it is on the line or off to the side. This is essential for the robot's ability to follow a predetermined path or navigate along a specific route. The effective emission of light from the infrared LED is crucial for the sensor to function accurately, enabling reliable tracking of the line.